A friend of mine recently recommended me a game called "Recursed". I'm in the middle of it (similar to my progress in Baba, I have to get back to that at some point), and it feels quite similar to Baba in spirit in that there are a few simple mechanics (even fewer than in Baba I'd argue) which are simple to grasp on their own, but combine in complex ways that are often hard to wrap your head around.
The premise is that each level consists of a few rooms. Entering rooms works via entering chests that are located in some other rooms (or the same room), and you can exit these rooms again to pop back out from the chest via which you entered the room. When you exit a room like that, the state you left it in is forgotten and when you enter it again, it will be back in its initial state. It's basically like a recursive function call, with the chests you entered being the stack. The twist is that you can carry one object and bring it with you when entering or exiting a chest, and this object can be a chest itself.
Like in Baba the difficulty ramps up quite quickly, and you have many simple looking puzzles that are quite complex.
I found the levels design and the progression quite well done though, and I'd argue slightly cleaner than in Baba even.
I believe it is unfortunately only available on Steam (75% off right now there), but at least it runs on Linux.
Reddit thread with some philosophy by the author and a Steam link:
https://www.reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comments/5c21fq/recursed_a_logic_platform_game_developed_on_linux/